While climate science is undeniable and extreme weather events intensify, it’s perplexing that the U.S. still struggles to fully implement robust climate policy. One significant exception, however, has been the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), which marked a monumental step forward with substantial funding for climate initiatives, including renewable energy, grid electrification, enhanced data transparency, bio-based materials R&D, and workforce development. Yet, even with this historic investment, it’s clear that more action is needed to confront the scale of this crisis. Federal funding alone won’t be enough, especially given the uncertainty of future policy; continued market and individual responses will be essential.

Amid these challenges, there is a silver lining: as homeowners and consumers, we have tangible ways to contribute. By making intentional, climate-focused choices in renovations, new builds, or simple home upgrades, we can collectively reduce our carbon footprint and support a more resilient planet. Here are some ways to design with climate in mind and make a meaningful impact.

Sustainable House Upgrades That Matter

For those looking to reduce energy use and emissions from their homes, house upgrades can be incredibly impactful. Consider focusing on these areas:

Air Sealing and Insulation
Heating and cooling are major contributors to household energy use. Invest in air sealing to reduce drafts and protect the building enclosure from moisture entry and ensure proper insulation in walls, roofs, and floors. A well-insulated home not only saves energy but also improves comfort by maintaining steady indoor temperatures.
Heating and Cooling Efficiency
Consider replacing old HVAC systems with high-efficiency cold-climate heat pumps. Heat pumps consume less energy and reduce or even remove reliance on fossil fuels. For smaller budgets, smart thermostats can regulate energy use based on your routine and help you save without sacrificing comfort.
Switch to Renewable Energy
If you’re in a sunny area, adding solar panels can supply clean, renewable energy. For those who can’t install their own, community solar programs allow you to buy into renewable power even if you live in a multi-family building.

Choose Carbon-Storing Materials for Construction

One of the most exciting frontiers in sustainable building is the use of carbon-storing materials, which capture carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and store the carbon in the material. By choosing these materials, you can make your home a “carbon sink” rather than an emissions source.

Wood and Mass Timber
Sustainably harvested wood stores carbon throughout its lifetime and is a versatile material for framing, paneling, and cabinetry. Light wood frames, timber frames, and wood finishes like siding, flooring, and paneling offer a renewable alternative to vinyl, PVC and other carbon-intensive synthetic options.
Hempcrete and Straw Bale Insulation
Hempcrete—a blend of hemp, lime, and water—is an innovative option that stores carbon and provides effective insulation. Straw bale, an ancient but effective insulation material, also stores carbon and supports excellent indoor air quality. Both materials reduce reliance on synthetic insulation, further minimizing your carbon and toxicity footprint.
Bio-Based Finishes and Non-Toxic Paints
Many conventional finishes and paints emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are harmful to both human health and the environment. Opt for natural plasters, clay-based paints, and other bio-based finishes. These options are often carbon-storing or low-carbon compared to their synthetic counterparts and promote better indoor air quality by avoiding toxic off-gassing.

Related: See our blog on our Carbon-Storing Straw Structural Insulated Panels

Supporting Local Materials and Suppliers

Building materials can travel thousands of miles before they reach a construction site, adding to carbon emissions. By choosing locally sourced materials, you not only reduce transportation emissions but also support local economies and promote sustainable building practices.

Regional Stone, Wood, and Aggregates
Whenever possible, choose locally quarried stone, regionally milled lumber, and local aggregates for your project. These materials can be just as durable as imported options and often come with lower embodied carbon due to reduced transportation.
Reclaimed and Salvaged Materials
Salvaged wood, bricks, doors, and fixtures can be beautiful and functional additions to a new or remodeled space. Reclaimed materials reduce the need for new material production, keep waste out of landfills, and add character to your home.
Working with Local Artisans and Builders
Hiring local artisans and builders familiar with the area’s climate and resources ensures that your home is designed for durability and energy efficiency. Many local builders prioritize sustainable practices and have experience working with the materials that make the most sense in your region.

Opt for Low-Impact Building Solutions

When renovating or building new, choosing low-impact building methods can drastically reduce your home’s environmental footprint. From modular construction to zero-waste techniques, there are plenty of options to explore.

Prefabricated and Modular Construction
Modular homes and prefabricated panels are produced off-site, allowing for tighter quality control, less waste, and faster construction times. By optimizing the use of materials and reducing waste, prefabricated systems can create highly efficient homes with a fraction of the environmental impact of traditional construction. Check out our version of prefab construction - the straw-structural insulated panel.
Passive Solar Design
A well-oriented home can take full advantage of passive solar gain, reducing heating needs in winter and cooling needs in summer. Work with a designer or architect who understands how to leverage natural sunlight, shading, and thermal mass to maintain comfort with less mechanical heating and cooling.
Natural Ventilation and Lighting
Design your home to maximize natural ventilation and lighting, which can reduce energy use and improve indoor air quality. Skylights, windows, and thoughtfully placed vents can provide sufficient light and airflow, reducing the need for artificial lighting and cooling.

Taking Action Beyond Your Home

Finally, consider that your efforts are part of a larger community of people who are similarly committed to making a difference. Share your experiences with others, support policies that promote sustainable building, and stay informed about new innovations in the field. The building industry, like any industry, responds to demand, and the more we ask for climate-friendly options, the more they will become available.

We may not be able to single-handedly overcome the limits of current policy, but as individuals, we can make powerful choices that help reverse climate change. By investing in sustainable home upgrades, supporting local materials and carbon-storing options, and building in a low-impact, responsible way, we’re making our homes—and the planet—better places to live.